Loads and Stresses Loads and stresses are significant issues in launch vehicle systems integration. Centaur - vibration of booster (Titan or Atlas) has an amplification factor through the system that causes the worst stresses. Both the Centaur and the payload must be designed to the loads caused by the main booster. A longer interstage length amplifies the vibration more. Typical loads for the Titan/Centaur system are as follows: - Turbopump of the RL-10: 4g - Main booster ignition: 6 - 8g - Explosive charge to separate stages: 12 - 14g Other significant loads are engine shutdown on the main booster and the Centaur engines, and the aerodynamic loads while flying through the atmosphere. Loads are dependent on the location on the vehicle and how a component is mounted.